CPU consumptions by ACTIVE sessions

--
-- Show CPU Usage for Active Sessions
--
 
SET PAUSE ON
SET PAUSE 'Press Return to Continue'
SET PAGESIZE 60
SET LINESIZE 300
 
COLUMN username FORMAT A30
COLUMN sid FORMAT 999,999,999
COLUMN serial# FORMAT 999,999,999
COLUMN "cpu usage (seconds)"  FORMAT 999,999,999.0000
 
SELECT
   s.username,
   t.sid,
   s.serial#,
   SUM(VALUE/100) as "cpu usage (seconds)"
FROM
   v$session s,
   v$sesstat t,
   v$statname n
WHERE
   t.STATISTIC# = n.STATISTIC#
AND
   NAME like '%CPU used by this session%'
AND
   t.SID = s.SID
AND
   s.status='ACTIVE'
AND
   s.username is not null
GROUP BY username,t.sid,s.serial#
/

Getting Session Details | sid.sql

col sid format 99999
col username format a10
col osuser format a10
col program format a25
col process format 9999999
col spid format 999999
col logon_time format a13

set lines 150

set heading off
set verify off
set feedback off

undefine sid_number
undefine spid_number
rem accept sid_number number prompt "pl_enter_sid:"

col sid NEW_VALUE sid_number noprint
col spid NEW_VALUE spid_number noprint


         select  s.sid   sid,
                p.spid  spid
--              ,decode(count(*), 1,'null','No Session Found with this info') " "
         FROM v$session s,
              v$process p
         WHERE s.sid LIKE NVL('&sid', '%')
         AND p.spid LIKE NVL ('&OS_ProcessID', '%')
         AND s.process LIKE NVL('&Client_Process', '%')
         AND s.paddr = p.addr
--       group by s.sid, p.spid;

PROMPT Session and Process Information
PROMPT -------------------------------

col event for a30

select '    SID                         : '||v.sid      || chr(10)||
       '    Serial Number               : '||v.serial#  || chr(10) ||
       '    Oracle User Name            : '||v.username         || chr(10) ||
       '    Client OS user name         : '||v.osuser   || chr(10) ||
       '    Client Process ID           : '||v.process  || chr(10) ||
       '    Client machine Name         : '||v.machine  || chr(10) ||
       '    Oracle PID                  : '||p.pid      || chr(10) ||
       '    OS Process ID(spid)         : '||p.spid     || chr(10) ||
       '    Session''s Status           : '||v.status   || chr(10) ||
       '    Logon Time                  : '||to_char(v.logon_time, 'MM/DD HH24:MIpm')   || chr(10) ||
       '    Program Name                : '||v.program  || chr(10) ||
       '    module                      : '||v.module   || chr(10) ||
       '    Hashvalue                   : '||v.sql_hash_value   || chr(10)
from v$session v, v$process p
where v.paddr = p.addr
and v.serial# > 1
and p.background is null
and p.username is not null
and sid = &sid_number
order by logon_time, v.status, 1
/


PROMPT Sql Statement
PROMPT --------------

select sql_text
from v$sqltext , v$session
where v$sqltext.address = v$session.sql_address
and sid = &sid_number
order by piece
/

PROMPT
PROMPT Event Wait Information
PROMPT ----------------------

select '   SID '|| &sid_number ||' is waiting on event  : ' || x.event || chr(10) ||
       '   P1 Text                      : ' || x.p1text || chr(10) ||
       '   P1 Value                     : ' || x.p1 || chr(10) ||
       '   P2 Text                      : ' || x.p2text || chr(10) ||
       '   P2 Value                     : ' || x.p2 || chr(10) ||
       '   P3 Text                      : ' || x.p3text || chr(10) ||
       '   P3 Value                     : ' || x.p3
from v$session_wait x
where x.sid= &sid_number
/

PROMPT
PROMPT Session Statistics
PROMPT ------------------

select        '     '|| b.name  ||'             : '||decode(b.name, 'redo size', round(a.value/1024/1024,2)||' M', a.value)
from v$session s, v$sesstat a, v$statname b
where a.statistic# = b.statistic#
and name in ('redo size', 'parse count (total)', 'parse count (hard)', 'user commits')
and s.sid = &sid_number
and a.sid = &sid_number
--order by b.name
order by decode(b.name, 'redo size', 1, 2), b.name
/

COLUMN USERNAME FORMAT a10
COLUMN status FORMAT a8
column RBS_NAME format a10

PROMPT
PROMPT Transaction and Rollback Information
PROMPT ------------------------------------

select        '    Rollback Used                : '||t.used_ublk*8192/1024/1024 ||' M'          || chr(10) ||
              '    Rollback Records             : '||t.used_urec        || chr(10)||
              '    Rollback Segment Number      : '||t.xidusn           || chr(10)||
              '    Rollback Segment Name        : '||r.name             || chr(10)||
              '    Logical IOs                  : '||t.log_io           || chr(10)||
              '    Physical IOs                 : '||t.phy_io           || chr(10)||
              '    RBS Startng Extent ID        : '||t.start_uext       || chr(10)||
              '    Transaction Start Time       : '||t.start_time       || chr(10)||
              '    Transaction_Status           : '||t.status
FROM v$transaction t, v$session s, v$rollname r
WHERE t.addr = s.taddr
and r.usn = t.xidusn
and s.sid = &sid_number
/

PROMPT
PROMPT Sort Information
PROMPT ----------------

column username format a20
column user format a20
column tablespace format a20

SELECT        '    Sort Space Used(8k block size is asssumed    : '||u.blocks/1024*8 ||' M'             || chr(10) ||
              '    Sorting Tablespace                           : '||u.tablespace       || chr(10)||
              '    Sort Tablespace Type                 : '||u.contents || chr(10)||
              '    Total Extents Used for Sorting               : '||u.extents
FROM v$session s, v$sort_usage u
WHERE s.saddr = u.session_addr
AND s.sid = &sid_number
/


set heading on
set verify on

clear column

Tablespace Utilization Script for Tablespace Space Used % more than 80 %

Oracle Tablespace Utilization Script (including AUTOEXTEND) for generating report of more than 80 % used tablespaces (IN GB)

1. Check the database details.
2. Check the tablespace Utilization.
3. Check the details of the datafiles for a particular TableSpace which needs attention.
4. Resize or Add the datafiles as per the standards of the existing datafiles on the database.

1. Check the database details.
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

set pages 9999 lines 300
col OPEN_MODE for a10
col HOST_NAME for a30
select name DB_NAME,HOST_NAME,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database,v$instance;

2. Check the tablespace Utilization.
Tablespace Utilization Script including AUTOEXTEND (IN GB)
----------------------------------------------------------
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col tablespace_name format a30
col TABLESPACE_NAME heading "Tablespace|Name"
col Allocated_size heading "Allocated|Size(GB)" form 99999999.99
col Current_size heading "Current|Size(GB)" form 99999999.99
col Used_size heading "Used|Size(GB)" form 99999999.99
col Available_size heading "Available|Size(GB)" form 99999999.99
col Pct_used heading "%Used (vs)|(Allocated)" form 99999999.99

select a.tablespace_name
        ,a.alloc_size/1024/1024/1024 Allocated_size
        ,a.cur_size/1024/1024/1024 Current_Size
        ,(u.used+a.file_count*65536)/1024/1024/1024 Used_size
        ,(a.alloc_size-(u.used+a.file_count*65536))/1024/1024/1024 Available_size
        ,((u.used+a.file_count*65536)*100)/a.alloc_size Pct_used
from     dba_tablespaces t
        ,(select t1.tablespace_name
        ,nvl(sum(s.bytes),0) used
        from  dba_segments s
        ,dba_tablespaces t1
         where t1.tablespace_name=s.tablespace_name(+)
         group by t1.tablespace_name) u
        ,(select d.tablespace_name
        ,sum(greatest(d.bytes,nvl(d.maxbytes,0))) alloc_size
        ,sum(d.bytes) cur_size
        ,count(*) file_count
        from dba_data_files d
        group by d.tablespace_name) a
where t.tablespace_name=u.tablespace_name
and ((u.used+a.file_count*65536)*100)/a.alloc_size>80
and t.tablespace_name=a.tablespace_name
order by t.tablespace_name
/

3. Check the details of the datafiles for a particular TableSpace which needs attention.

Datafiles of a particular TableSpace:

------------------------------------

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col tablespace_name for a30

col CREATION_TIME for a15

col file_name for a70

select dd.tablespace_name TABLESPACE_NAME,dd.file_name,dd.bytes/1024/1024 Size_MB,dd.autoextensible,dd.maxbytes/1024/1024 MAXSIZE_MB,df.CREATION_TIME

from dba_data_files dd, v$datafile df where df.name=dd.file_name and tablespace_name='&TABLESPACENAME' order by 1,2,6;

Note:- If required, can get the DDL of a tablespace as below.

TABLESPACE DDL

--------------

set pagesize 0

SET LONG 9999999

select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLESPACE','&TABLESPACE_NAME') FROM DUAL;

How to generate Multiple AWR reports

Multiple AWR report generation script

The following script can be used for AWR reports generation, for specific intervals between the required Snapshots generated.


The below script (awr_report_generate.sh) is to generate AWR reports for the specific intervals between the required Snapshots generated.
Let say, there is a requirement to generate awr reports for every 2 hours of previous day from 00:00 hrs to current date 00:00 hrs ie., 24 hrs.

Reuirements:-
===========

First we need to get the Begin Snap ID and End Snap ID, in order to generate multiple awr reports using the below script.

$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql       (For RAC, SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpti.sql)
.
.
.

Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
Enter value for report_type:                    ---------------> press 'Enter' Key

Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter value for num_days:

Listing the last n days of Completed Snapshots  ---------------> here 'n' represents the number of days we have entered for generating awr reports.

NOTE:-
====
Here, for the required period, make a note of the required Begin Snap ID and End Snap ID.


Create a script awr_report_generate.sh:-
======================================
SQL> exit

$ vi awr_report_generate.sh

#!/usr/bin/sh
echo "Enter the value for Begin Snapshot Id :"
read beginid
echo "Enter the value for End Snapshot Id:"
read endid
echo "Enter the value for interval between Snapshot Id's. To generate reports between consecutive Snapshop Id's, Enter '1'. Else, enter desired value:"
read snapint
echo "Enter the value for report type: html/text"
read repfmt
echo "Enter the path for unix directory to generate the reports. Press 'Enter' to generate the reports in current working directory:"
read repdir
if [ "$repdir" = "" ]
then
repdir=$PWD
fi

while [ $beginid -lt $endid ]
do
tempid=`echo $beginid + $snapint |bc`
sqlplus -s '/as sysdba'<<EOF
set verify off
set feedback off
set pages 0
set serveroutput on
clear break compute;
repfooter off;
ttitle off;
btitle off;

set heading on;
set timing off veri off space 1 flush on pause off termout on numwidth 10;
set echo off feedback off pagesize 0 linesize 1500 newpage 1 recsep off;
set trimspool on trimout on define "&" concat "." serveroutput on;
set underline on;
col endid new_value endid;
col repname new_value repname;
col dbid new_value dbid;
col inst_num new_value inst_num;

define beginid=$beginid;
define tempid=$tempid;

variable repname varchar2(60);
variable dbid varchar2(10);
variable inst_num varchar2(2);

select dbid dbid from v\$database;
select instance_number inst_num from v\$instance ;
select '$repdir/AWR_'||(select instance_name inst_name from v\$instance)||'_'||(select to_char(END_INTERVAL_TIME,'DDMONYY_HH24MI')from dba_hist_snapshot where snap_id='$beginid' and instance_number=(select instance_number from v\$instance))||'_'||(select to_char(END_INTERVAL_TIME,'DDMONYY_HH24MI')from dba_hist_snapshot where snap_id='$tempid' and instance_number=(select instance_number from v\$instance))||'.$repfmt' repname from dual;
spool &repname
select output from table(dbms_workload_repository.awr_report_$repfmt(&dbid,&inst_num,&&beginid,&&tempid,0));
spool off
exit
EOF
beginid=`echo $beginid + $snapint |bc`
done


-- Press esc
:wq

$ ls -lrt awr_report_generate.sh

Run the script:-
==============

$ sh awr_report_generate.sh


$ ls -lrt

How to check AWR interval and retention Settings

AWR interval and retention Settings

The following query can be used to check the current settings for the AWR interval and AWR retention.
The query returns the current AWR interval values in minutes.

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col snap_interval format a20
col retention format a20
col topnsql format a20
select extract( day from snap_interval) *24*60+
       extract( hour from snap_interval) *60+
       extract( minute from snap_interval ) "Snapshot Interval",
       extract( day from retention) *24*60+
       extract( hour from retention) *60+
       extract( minute from retention ) "Retention Interval"
from dba_hist_wr_control;


Snapshot Interval Retention Interval
----------------- ------------------

Database health checks in Oracle

Performing Database health checks, when there is an issue reported by Application users.

1. Check the Database details
2. Monitor the consumption of resources
3. Check the Alert Log
4. Check Listener log
5. Check Filesystem space Usage
6. Generate AWR Report
7. Generate ADDM Report
8. Finding Locks,Blocker Session and Waiting sessions in a oracle database
9. Check for alerts in OEM

1. Check the Database details :-
=============================
set pages 9999 lines 300
col OPEN_MODE for a10
col HOST_NAME for a30
select name DB_NAME,HOST_NAME,DATABASE_ROLE,OPEN_MODE,version DB_VERSION,LOGINS,to_char(STARTUP_TIME,'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') "DB UP TIME" from v$database,gv$instance;

For RAC:
-------
set pages 9999 lines 300
col OPEN_MODE for a10
col HOST_NAME for a30
select INST_ID,INSTANCE_NAME, name DB_NAME,HOST_NAME,DATABASE_ROLE,OPEN_MODE,version DB_VERSION,LOGINS,to_char(STARTUP_TIME,'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') "DB UP TIME" from v$database,gv$instance;


2. Monitor the consumption of resources :-
=======================================
select * from v$resource_limit where resource_name in ('processes','sessions');

The v$session views shows current sessions (which change rapidly),
while the v$resource_limit shows the current and maximum global resource utilization for some system resources.


3. Check the Alert Log :-
======================
$locate alert_<ORACLE_SID>

--- OR ---

UNIX/Linux command to locate the alert log file
-----------------------------------------------

$ find / -name 'alert_*.log' 2> /dev/null

vi <alert_log_location_of_the_above_output>
shift+g
?ORA-   ---> press enter key
press 'n' to check backwards/up side and 'N' for forward/down side search.

:q! --and press enter, for exiting vi editor


--- OR ---

11G
===
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
set pages 9999 lines 300
col NAME for a15
col VALUE for a60
select name, value from v$diag_info where name = 'Diag Trace';

On a server with multiple instances, each instance will have it's own background_dump_dest in $ORACLE_HOME/diag/$ORACLE_SID/trace directory

Before 11G
==========
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
set pages 9999 lines 300
show parameter BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST;

On a server with multiple instances, each instance will have it's own background_dump_dest in $ORACLE_HOME/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump directory


4. Check Listener log :-
=====================
$locate listener.log

--- OR ---

UNIX/Linux command to locate the listener log file
--------------------------------------------------
$ find / -name 'listener.log' 2> /dev/null
vi <listener.log>
shift+g
?TNS-    ---> press enter key
press 'n' to check backwords and 'N' for forword search.

AND

shift+g
?error   ---> press enter key
press 'n' to check backwords and 'N' for forword search.

:q! --and press enter, for exiting vi editor

--- OR ---

$lsnrctl status

from the output you can get the listener log location (see the value for "Listener Log File" in the output).


5. Check Filesystem space Usage :-
===============================
df -h (Linux / UNIX)

df -g (AIX)

6. Generate AWR Report :-
======================
Generate AWR report for current and before to compare

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql        (For RAC,  @?/rdbms/admin/awrrpti.sql - for each instance)

If Required,
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrddrpt.sql ---->   Produces Workload Repository Compare Periods Report


7. Generate ADDM Report :-
=======================
Generate ADDM report for current and before to compare.

ADDM report provides Findings and Recommendations to fix the issue.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/addmrpt.sql     (For RAC,  @?/rdbms/admin/addmrpti.sql - for each instance)


8. Finding Locks,Blocker Session and Waiting sessions in a oracle database :-
========================================================================
Select * from v$lock;

Select * from gv_$lock;  (For RAC)

A fast way to check blocking/waiting situations
-----------------------------------------------
SELECT * FROM v$lock WHERE block > 0 OR request > 0;

set pages 50000 lines 32767
select object_name,s.inst_id,s.sid,s.serial#,p.spid,s.osuser,s.program,s.server,s.machine,s.status from gv$locked_object l,gv$session s,gv$process p,dba_objects o where l.object_id=o.object_id and l.session_id=s.sid and s.paddr=p.addr;

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col OBJECT_NAME for a40
col USERNAME for a10
col LOCKED_MODE for a15
col OBJECT_OWNER for a15
col OS_USER_NAME for a12
SELECT b.inst_id,b.session_id AS sid,NVL(b.oracle_username, '(oracle)') AS username,a.owner AS object_owner,a.object_name,
Decode(b.locked_mode, 0, 'None',1, 'Null (NULL)',2, 'Row-S (SS)',3, 'Row-X (SX)',4, 'Share (S)',5, 'S/Row-X (SSX)',6, 'Exclusive (X)',
b.locked_mode) locked_mode,b.os_user_name FROM dba_objects a, gv$locked_object b WHERE a.object_id = b.object_id ORDER BY 1, 2, 3, 4;

Blocker Session and Waiting sessions
====================================
column Username format A15 column Sid format 9990 heading SID
column Type format A4 column Lmode format 990 heading 'HELD'
column Request format 990 heading 'REQ' column Id1 format 9999990
column Id2 format 9999990 break on Id1 skip 1 dup
SELECT SN.Username, M.Sid, M.Type,
DECODE(M.Lmode, 0, 'None', 1, 'Null', 2, 'Row Share', 3, 'Row
Excl.', 4, 'Share', 5, 'S/Row Excl.', 6, 'Exclusive',
LTRIM(TO_CHAR(Lmode,'990'))) Lmode,
DECODE(M.Request, 0, 'None', 1, 'Null', 2, 'Row Share', 3, 'Row
Excl.', 4, 'Share', 5, 'S/Row Excl.', 6, 'Exclusive',
LTRIM(TO_CHAR(M.Request, '990'))) Request,
M.Id1, M.Id2
FROM V$SESSION SN, V$LOCK M
WHERE (SN.Sid = M.Sid and M.Request ! = 0)
or (SN.Sid = M.Sid and M.Request = 0 and Lmode != 4 and (id1, id2)
in (select S.Id1, S.Id2 from V$LOCK S where Request != 0 and S.Id1
= M.Id1 and S.Id2 = M.Id2) ) order by Id1, Id2, M.Request;

USERNAME SID TY LMODE REQUEST ID1 ID2
---------------- ------- -- ------------- ------------- ---------- --------
ORAPLAYERS 10 TX Exclusive None 123456 200
ORAPLAYERS 100 TX None Exclusive 123456 200

Session 10 is blocking(LMODE=Exclusive)

Session 100 is waiting(REQUEST=Exclusive)

The meaning of ID1 and ID2 depends on the lock TYPE.

• We can see situations where a session is both a Blocker and a Waiter.

• If there are only two sessions and both are Blockers and Waiters then we got a deadlock situation (which Oracle will solve automatically).


To find waiters:
---------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col LOCK_TYPE for a10
col MODE_HELD for a10
col MODE_REQUESTED for a10

select * from dba_waiters;

WAITING_SESSION HOLDING_SESSION LOCK_TYPE MODE_HELD MODE_REQUESTED LOCK_ID1 LOCK_ID2
--------------- --------------- --------- --------- -------------- -------- --------
                           
Blocking details:
----------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
select distinct s1.username || '@' || s1.machine || ' ( INST=' || s1.inst_id || ' SID=' || s1.sid || ' ) is blocking ' || s2.username || '@' || s2.machine || ' ( INST=' || s1.inst_id || ' SID=' || s2.sid || ' ) ' as blocking_status from gv$lock l1, gv$session s1, gv$lock l2, gv$session s2 where s1.sid=l1.sid and s2.sid=l2.sid and l1.BLOCK=1 and l2.request > 0 and l1.id1 = l2.id1 and l2.id2 = l2.id2 and l1.inst_id = s1.inst_id;

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col BLOCKER for a20
col BLOCKEE for a20
select (select username from v$session where sid = a.sid ) blocker,a.sid, 'is blocking ',(select username from v$session where sid =b.sid) blockee,b.sid from v$lock a, v$lock b where a.block =1 and b.request > 0 and a.id1 = b.id1 and a.id2 = b.id2;

BLOCKER SID       'ISBLOCKING' BLOCKEE SID
------- ---------- ----------  ------- --------


set pages 50000 lines 32767
select blocking_session, sid, serial#, wait_class,seconds_in_wait, username, osuser, program, logon_time from v$session where blocking_session is not NULL order by 1;

9. Check for alerts in OEM :-
============================
Login to Oracle Enterprise Manager with valid username and password
click on "Alerts" tab
then select the below tabs one by one to see the alerts generated
Targets Down/Critical/Warning/Errors/

How to check RMAN backup job status in Oracle using v$rman_backup_job_details

RMAN backup job details for 'n' number of days:-

=========================================

Monitoring RMAN backup status using v$rman_backup_job_details and v$rman_status.

Note : - Enter the number of days required for status report, for 1 day backup status report provide input as '1'.

RMAN backup status using v$rman_backup_job_details :-
set pages 9999 lines 500
col INSTANCE for a9
col ELAPSED for a30
SELECT (  SELECT   instance_name FROM v$instance)
              || ' '
              || (  SELECT   instance_number FROM v$instance)
                 instance,
            --  TO_CHAR (start_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI') start_time,
       to_date (start_time, 'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') start_time,
              TO_CHAR (output_bytes / 1048576, '999,999,999.9') output_mb,
              TO_CHAR (output_bytes_per_sec / 1048576, '999,999.9') output_mb_per_sec,
              time_taken_display elapsed,input_type,status
         FROM v$rman_backup_job_details
         where start_time >= sysdate - &NUMBER_OF_DAYS
         ORDER BY start_time
         /


RMAN backup status using v$rman_backup_job_details , v$rman_status:-

set pages 9999 lines 500

set numformat 99999.99

set trim on 

set trims on

alter session set nls_date_format = 'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS';

col INSTANCE for a9

col status for a22

col COMMAND_ID for a20

col INPUT_TYPE for a10

col OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE for a10

col OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY for a9

col status heading "BACKUP|STATUS" 

col COMMAND_ID heading "BACKUP NAME" 

col STARTED_TIME heading "START TIME" 

COL END_TIME heading "END TIME" 

col ELAPSED_TIME heading "MINUTES | TAKEN" 

col INPUT_TYPE heading "INPUT|TYPE" 

col OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE heading "OUTPUT|DEVICES" 

col INPUT_SIZE heading  "INPUT SIZE|GB"

col OUTPUT_SIZE heading  "OUTPUT SIZE|GB" 

col OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY heading "OUTPUT | RATE|(PER SEC)"

SELECT (SELECT instance_name FROM v$instance) || ' ' || (SELECT instance_number FROM v$instance) instance,rs.sid,

rj.COMMAND_ID,

rj.STATUS,

max(rj.START_TIME) STARTED_TIME, 

rj.END_TIME,

rj.ELAPSED_SECONDS/60 ELAPSED_TIME,

rj.INPUT_TYPE,

rj.OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE,

rj.INPUT_BYTES/1024/1024/1024 INPUT_SIZE, 

rj.OUTPUT_BYTES/1024/1024/1024 OUTPUT_SIZE,

rj.OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY

from v$rman_backup_job_details rj, v$rman_status rs

where rj.COMMAND_ID=rs.COMMAND_ID

group by rs.sid,rj.COMMAND_ID,rj.STATUS,rj.START_TIME,rj.END_TIME,rj.ELAPSED_SECONDS,rj.INPUT_TYPE,rj.OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE,rj.INPUT_BYTES,rj.OUTPUT_BYTES,rj.OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY 

having max(rj.START_TIME) > sysdate-&NUMBER_OF_DAYS order by rj.START_TIME desc

/

                                  BACKUP                                                          MINUTES  INPUT      OUTPUT     INPUT SIZE OUTPUT SIZE OUTPUT RATE

INSTANCE  SID BACKUP NAME          STATUS                 START TIME          END TIME                TAKEN TYPE       DEVICES            GB          GB (PER SEC)

--------- --- -------------------- ---------------------- ------------------- ------------------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------

To get the job details for a specific backup job,  use the following query:-

set lines 220
set pages 1000
col cf for 9,999
col df for 9,999
col elapsed_seconds heading "ELAPSED|SECONDS"
col i0 for 9,999
col i1 for 9,999
col l for 9,999
col output_mbytes for 9,999,999 heading "OUTPUT|MBYTES"
col session_recid for 999999 heading "SESSION|RECID"
col session_stamp for 99999999999 heading "SESSION|STAMP"
col status for a10 trunc
col time_taken_display for a10 heading "TIME|TAKEN"
col output_instance for 9999 heading "OUT|INST"
select
  j.session_recid, j.session_stamp,
  to_char(j.start_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') start_time,
  to_char(j.end_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') end_time,
  (j.output_bytes/1024/1024) output_mbytes, j.status, j.input_type,
  decode(to_char(j.start_time, 'd'), 1, 'Sunday', 2, 'Monday',
                                     3, 'Tuesday', 4, 'Wednesday',
                                     5, 'Thursday', 6, 'Friday',
                                     7, 'Saturday') dow,
  j.elapsed_seconds, j.time_taken_display,
  x.cf, x.df, x.i0, x.i1, x.l,
  ro.inst_id output_instance
from V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS j
  left outer join (select
                     d.session_recid, d.session_stamp,
                     sum(case when d.controlfile_included = 'YES' then d.pieces else 0 end) CF,
                     sum(case when d.controlfile_included = 'NO'
                               and d.backup_type||d.incremental_level = 'D' then d.pieces else 0 end) DF,
                     sum(case when d.backup_type||d.incremental_level = 'D0' then d.pieces else 0 end) I0,
                     sum(case when d.backup_type||d.incremental_level = 'I1' then d.pieces else 0 end) I1,
                     sum(case when d.backup_type = 'L' then d.pieces else 0 end) L
                   from
                     V$BACKUP_SET_DETAILS d
                     join V$BACKUP_SET s on s.set_stamp = d.set_stamp and s.set_count = d.set_count
                   where s.input_file_scan_only = 'NO'
                   group by d.session_recid, d.session_stamp) x
    on x.session_recid = j.session_recid and x.session_stamp = j.session_stamp
  left outer join (select o.session_recid, o.session_stamp, min(inst_id) inst_id
                   from GV$RMAN_OUTPUT o
                   group by o.session_recid, o.session_stamp)
    ro on ro.session_recid = j.session_recid and ro.session_stamp = j.session_stamp
where j.start_time > trunc(sysdate)-&NUMBER_OF_DAYS
order by j.start_time;

Where,

CF: Number of controlfile backups included in the backup set

DF: Number of datafile full backups included in the backup set

I0: Number of datafile incremental level-0 backups included in the backup set

I1: Number of datafile incremental level-1 backups included in the backup set

 L: Number of archived log backups included in the backup set

Backup set details : -

To get the Backup set details for a specific backup job, identified by the (SESSION_RECID, SESSION_STAMP) pair, use the following query:
 
set lines 220
set pages 1000
col backup_type for a4 heading "TYPE"
col controlfile_included heading "CF?"
col incremental_level heading "INCR LVL"
col pieces for 999 heading "PCS"
col elapsed_seconds heading "ELAPSED|SECONDS"
col device_type for a10 trunc heading "DEVICE|TYPE"
col compressed for a4 heading "ZIP?"
col output_mbytes for 9,999,999 heading "OUTPUT|MBYTES"
col input_file_scan_only for a4 heading "SCAN|ONLY"
select
  d.bs_key, d.backup_type, d.controlfile_included, d.incremental_level, d.pieces,
  to_char(d.start_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') start_time,
  to_char(d.completion_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') completion_time,
  d.elapsed_seconds, d.device_type, d.compressed, (d.output_bytes/1024/1024) output_mbytes, s.input_file_scan_only
from V$BACKUP_SET_DETAILS d
  join V$BACKUP_SET s on s.set_stamp = d.set_stamp and s.set_count = d.set_count
where session_recid = &SESSION_RECID
  and session_stamp = &SESSION_STAMP
order by d.start_time;

Backup job output :-

To get the Backup job output for a specific backup job, identified by the (SESSION_RECID, SESSION_STAMP) pair, use the following query:
   
set lines 200
set pages 1000
select output
from GV$RMAN_OUTPUT
where session_recid = &SESSION_RECID
and session_stamp = &SESSION_STAMP
order by recid;

How to compress Listener log file in Linux

How to compress files in Linux

How to compress Listener log file in Linux

Step:-1

-------

cd /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin --- listener log location

du -sh *|sort -n

du -sh listener.log

Step:-2

-------

vi filecompress.sh

cd /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin --- listener log location

cp listener.log listener_currentdate.log

cat /dev/null > listener.log

-- press esc key

:wq

Run the filecompress.sh in nohup

---------------------------------

nohup sh -x filecompress.sh > filecompress.log 2>> filecompress.err &

Step:-3

-------

gzip -9 listener_currentdate.log

du -sh *.gz

--- OR ---

tar -zcvf listener_currentdate.tar.gz listener_currentdate.log

du -sh *.tar.gz

Note:-

====

Listener will be available in the above process and no data loss of listener log file.

For Example, 3 GB file will be compressed to 100M (approx).

Oracle DBA Performance Tuning Scripts

Performance Tuning Scripts

Listed below are some SQL queries which I find particularly useful for performance tuning. These are based on the Active Session History v$active_session_history
View to get a current perspective of performance and the DBA_HIST_* AWR history tables for obtaining performance data pertaining to a period of time in the past.

Top Recent Wait Events

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col EVENT format a60

select * from (
select active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history
where active_session_history.event is not null
group by active_session_history.event
order by 2 desc)
where rownum < 6
/

Top Wait Events Since Instance Startup

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col event format a60

select event, total_waits, time_waited
from v$system_event e, v$event_name n
where n.event_id = e.event_id
and n.wait_class !='Idle'
and n.wait_class = (select wait_class from v$session_wait_class
where wait_class !='Idle'
group by wait_class having
sum(time_waited) = (select max(sum(time_waited)) from v$session_wait_class
where wait_class !='Idle'
group by (wait_class)))
order by 3
/

List Of Users Currently Waiting
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col username format a12
col sid format 9999
col state format a15
col event format a50
col wait_time format 99999999
set pagesize 100
set linesize 120

select s.sid, s.username, se.event, se.state, se.wait_time
from v$session s, v$session_wait se
where s.sid=se.sid
and se.event not like 'SQL*Net%'
and se.event not like '%rdbms%'
and s.username is not null
order by se.wait_time
/

Find The Main Database Wait Events In A Particular Time Interval

First determine the snapshot id values for the period in question.

In this example we need to find the SNAP_ID for the period 10 PM to 11 PM on the 14th of November, 2013.

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select snap_id,begin_interval_time,end_interval_time
from dba_hist_snapshot
where to_char(begin_interval_time,'DD-MON-YYYY')='14-NOV-2013'
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM begin_interval_time) between 22 and 23;
set verify off
select * from (
select active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from dba_hist_active_sess_history active_session_history
where event is not null
and SNAP_ID between &ssnapid and &esnapid
group by active_session_history.event
order by 2 desc)
where rownum
/

Top CPU Consuming SQL During A Certain Time Period

Note – in this case we are finding the Top 5 CPU intensive SQL statements executed between 9.00 AM and 11.00 AM

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select
SQL_ID,
sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA),
sum(DISK_READS_DELTA),
count(*)
from
DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT a, dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = a.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM S.END_INTERVAL_TIME) between 9 and 11
group by
SQL_ID
order by
sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA) desc)
where rownum
/

Which Database Objects Experienced the Most Number of Waits in the Past One Hour

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col event format a40
col object_name format a40

select * from
(
select dba_objects.object_name,
dba_objects.object_type,
active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history,
dba_objects
where
active_session_history.sample_time between sysdate - 1/24 and sysdate
and active_session_history.current_obj# = dba_objects.object_id
group by dba_objects.object_name, dba_objects.object_type, active_session_history.event
order by 4 desc)
where rownum < 6
/

Top Segments ordered by Physical Reads

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col segment_name format a20
col owner format a10

select segment_name,object_type,total_physical_reads
from ( select owner||'.'||object_name as segment_name,object_type,
value as total_physical_reads
from v$segment_statistics
where statistic_name in ('physical reads')
order by total_physical_reads desc)
where rownum;

Top 5 SQL statements in the past one hour

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select active_session_history.sql_id,
dba_users.username,
sqlarea.sql_text,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history,
v$sqlarea sqlarea,
dba_users
where
active_session_history.sample_time between sysdate -  1/24  and sysdate
and active_session_history.sql_id = sqlarea.sql_id
and active_session_history.user_id = dba_users.user_id
group by active_session_history.sql_id,sqlarea.sql_text, dba_users.username
order by 4 desc )
where rownum
/

SQL with the highest I/O in the past one day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from
(
SELECT /*+LEADING(x h) USE_NL(h)*/
h.sql_id,SUM(10) ash_secs
FROM   dba_hist_snapshot x,dba_hist_active_sess_history h
WHERE   x.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
AND    h.SNAP_id = X.SNAP_id
AND    h.dbid = x.dbid
AND    h.instance_number = x.instance_number
AND    h.event in  ('db file sequential read','db file scattered read')
GROUP BY h.sql_id
ORDER BY ash_secs desc )
where rownum
/

Top CPU consuming queries since past one day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select SQL_ID, sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA),sum(DISK_READS_DELTA),count(*)
from DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT a, dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = a.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
group by SQL_ID
order by sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA) desc)
where rownum
/

Find what the top SQL was at a particular reported time of day

First determine the snapshot id values for the period in question.

In thos example we need to find the SNAP_ID for the period 10 PM to 11 PM on the 14th of November, 2013.

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select snap_id,begin_interval_time,end_interval_time
from dba_hist_snapshot
where to_char(begin_interval_time,'DD-MON-YYYY')='14-NOV-2013'
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM begin_interval_time) between 22 and 23;
select * from
(
select
sql.sql_id c1,
sql.buffer_gets_delta c2,
sql.disk_reads_delta c3,
sql.iowait_delta c4
from
dba_hist_sqlstat sql,dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = sql.snap_id
and
s.snap_id= &snapid
order by
c3 desc)
where rownum < 6
/

Analyse a particular SQL ID and see the trends for the past day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select
s.snap_id,
to_char(s.begin_interval_time,'HH24:MI') c1,
sql.executions_delta c2,
sql.buffer_gets_delta c3,
sql.disk_reads_delta c4,
sql.iowait_delta c5,
sql.cpu_time_delta c6,
sql.elapsed_time_delta c7
from
dba_hist_sqlstat sql,
dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = sql.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
and
sql.sql_id='&sqlid'
order by c7
/

Do we have multiple plan hash values for the same SQL ID – in that case may be changed plan is causing bad performance

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select
SQL_ID
, PLAN_HASH_VALUE
, sum(EXECUTIONS_DELTA) EXECUTIONS
, sum(ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA) CROWS
, trunc(sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA)/1000000/60) CPU_MINS
, trunc(sum(ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA)/1000000/60)  ELA_MINS
from DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT
where SQL_ID in (
'&sqlid')
group by SQL_ID , PLAN_HASH_VALUE
order by SQL_ID, CPU_MINS
/

Top 5 Queries for past week based on ADDM recommendations

/*
Top 10 SQL_ID's for the last 7 days as identified by ADDM from DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS and dba_advisor_log
*/

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col SQL_ID form a16
col Benefit form 9999999999999

select * from (
select b.ATTR1 as SQL_ID, max(a.BENEFIT) as "Benefit"
from DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS a, DBA_ADVISOR_OBJECTS b
where a.REC_ID = b.OBJECT_ID
and a.TASK_ID = b.TASK_ID
and a.TASK_ID in (select distinct b.task_id
from dba_hist_snapshot a, dba_advisor_tasks b, dba_advisor_log l
where a.begin_interval_time > sysdate - 7
and  a.dbid = (select dbid from v$database)
and a.INSTANCE_NUMBER = (select INSTANCE_NUMBER from v$instance)
and to_char(a.begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddHH24') = to_char(b.created, 'yyyymmddHH24')
and b.advisor_name = 'ADDM'
and b.task_id = l.task_id
and l.status = 'COMPLETED')
and length(b.ATTR4) > 1 group by b.ATTR1
order by max(a.BENEFIT) desc) where rownum < 6
/

Reference:-
http://gavinsoorma.com/2012/11/ash-and-awr-performance-tuning-scripts/

vi Editor Commands

vi Editor Commands

$ vi <filename>

Option ==> Action
vi     ==> Starts editing session in memory.
vi     ==> Starts session and opens the specified file.
vi *   ==> Opens first file that matches the wildcard pattern. Use :n to navigate to the next matched file.
view   ==> Opens file in read-only mode.
vi -R  ==> Opens file in read-only mode.
vi -r  ==> Recovers file and recent edits after abnormal abort from editing session (like a system crash).
vi +n  ==> Opens file at specified line number n.
vi +   ==> Opens file at the last line.
vi +/  ==> Opens file at first occurrence of specified string pattern.

Common Techniques to Enter vi Insert Mode:
Enter Insert Command ==> Action
i ==> Insert text in front of the cursor.
a ==> Insert text after the cursor.
I ==> Insert text at the beginning of the line.
A ==> Insert text at the end of the line.
o ==> Insert text below the current line.
O ==> Insert text above the current line.

Useful vi Exit Commands
Exit Command ==> Action
:wq ==> Save and exit.
ZZ  ==> Save and exit.
:x  ==> Save and exit.
:w  ==> Save the current edits without exiting.
:w! ==> Override file protections and save.
:q  ==> Exit the file.
:q! ==> Exit without saving.
:n  ==> Edit next file.
:e! ==> Return to previously saved version.

Common Navigation Commands
Command               ==> Action
j (or down arrow)     ==> Move down a line.
k (or up arrow)       ==> Move up a line.
h (or left arrow)     ==> Move one character left.
l (or right arrow)    ==> Move one character right.
Ctrl+f (or Page Down) ==> Scroll down one screen.
Ctrl+b (or Page Up)   ==> Scroll up one screen.
1G ==> Go to first line in file.
G  ==> Go to last line in file.
nG ==> Go to n line number.
H  ==> Go to top of screen.
L  ==> Go to bottom of screen.
w  ==> Move one word forward.
b  ==> Move one word backward.
0  ==> Go to start of line.
$  ==> Go to end of line.

Common Options for Copying, Deleting, and Pasting Text
Option ==> Action
yy  ==> Yank (copy) the current line.
nyy ==> Yank (copy) n number of lines.
p   ==> Put yanked line(s) below the cursor.
P   ==> Put yanked line(s) above the cursor.
x   ==> Delete the character that the cursor is on.
X   ==> Delete the character to the left of the cursor.
dw  ==> Delete the word the cursor is currently on.
dd  ==> Delete current line of text.
ndd ==> Delete n lines of text
D   ==> Delete to the end of the current line.

Common Options for Changing Text
Option ==> Action
r  ==> Replace the character that the curser is on with the next character you type.
~  ==> Change the case of a character.
cc ==> Delete the current line and insert text.
C  ==> Delete to the end of the line and insert text.
c$ ==> Delete to the end of the line and insert text.
cw ==> Delete to the end of the word and insert text.
R  ==> Type over the characters in the current line.
s  ==> Delete the current character and insert text.
S  ==> Delete the current line and insert text.

Common Options for Text Searching
Option ==> Action
/ ==> Search forward for a string.
? ==> Search backward for a string.
n ==> Repeat the search forward.
N ==> Repeat the search backward.
f ==> Search forward for a character in the current line.
F ==> Search backward for a character in the current line.

:set number ==> Displaying Line Numbers

u ==> Undoing a Command

Oracle DBA Interview Questions

Oracle DBA Interview Questions

What are the versions you are working on
Database
RAC database
Dataguard

What is the recent patch you applied?
What happens when you run Root.sh during installation

RAC Architechture?

What is Node Eviction? In what scenarios the node be evicted? Which background process is responsible for node eviction and fixing  evicted node  and bringing into cluster? How do you troubleshoot Node Eviction?

What is cache fusion? What is responsible for cache fusion?

How will you take VD backup in 11gR1 and 11gR2?

How to check VD backup location

How to check OCR backup location

Starup Restrict vs Startup Upgrade

Difference between 11g and 10g ?

Difference between sga_target and memory_target?

Difference between 11gR2,11gR1,10gR2 and 10gR1 RAC ?

Materialized views and its types

Database upgrade takes 1hr normally and client want to upgrade without down time.
How can you achieve that in a RAC and Standalone.How can we upgrade with only 5 min downtime instead of 1 hour, as per client requirement?

Can exp be faster than expdp? If yes? In which scenario it happens?

Exp vs Datapump

Datapump vs RMAN

If RMAN backs up only changed blocks, what happens if the database has some read only ts and I have taken level 0 backup. Will the readonly ts backs up or not as there are no changed blocks in them?

What is Dataguard?

Logical vs Physical Standby databases?

Protection modes in Dataguard? What Protection mode do you have in your project?

DB_LINK? Syntax?

DB_LINK VS NETWORK_LINK in Datapump

what happens internally when you export or import in Datapump

How to check whether DATAPUMP dump File is corrupted or not?

How to see the DDL contents of an export dump file in Data Pump import and Traditional import?

Datapump Import failed after running for long time and even resumable time also execeeded? What action will you take?

Datapump Import hanged after running for long time? What action will you take?

How will you stop and start an import in datapump.

From which view you will find out datapump jobs?

Tell me some issues you faced with Datapump and how did you fix them?

Tell me the toughest issue you faced with Dataguard and how did you fix it?

Tell me the toughest issue you faced with RAC and how did you fix it?

Tell me the toughest issue you faced in Performance Tuning and how did you fix it?

CPU VS PSU Patching? What patching you are implementing in your project?

What is the full form of Opatch

opatch apply vs napply

Pre requirement for upgrade to 11g from 10g.

Steps for database cloning using RMAN

Steps for DR rebuild


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Temp ts is 100% full,adding space still filling up, we cant add more space to it, what fix will you apply?

How to make RMAN backups run  faster?

What is block change tracking? How does it work?

Apps team complained database is performing slow? How will you confirm the slowness being a DBA ? What actions will you perform?

Apps team complained database performence is low compared to last week? What actions will you take?

Which columns will you check in active_session_history

Write query for populating Active sessions excluding background processes?

Fast failover in DG? Is Fast Failover there  in your environment?

What is a Scan listener? How it works?

Oracle RAC Load balancing and Failover

LOAD BALANCING in RAC:-
The Oracle RAC system can distribute the load over many nodes this feature called as load balancing.

There are two methods of load balancing
1.Client load balancing
2.Server load balancing

1.Client Load Balancing
Client Load Balancing distributes new connections among Oracle RAC nodes so that no one server is overloaded with connection requests and it is configured at net service name level by providing multiple descriptions in a description list or multiple addresses in an address list. For example, if connection fails over to another node in case of failure, the client load balancing ensures that the redirected connections are distributed among the other nodes in the RAC.

Configure Client-side connect-time load balancing by setting LOAD_BALANCE=ON in the corresponding client side TNS entry.

TESTRAC =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(LOAD_BALANCE = ON)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC1-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC2-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = testdb.selectstarfrom.com))
)

2.Server Load Balancing
Server Load Balancing distributes processing workload among Oracle RAC nodes. It divides the connection load evenly between all available listeners and distributes new user session connection requests to the least loaded listener(s) based on the total number of sessions which are already connected. Each listener communicates with the other listener(s) via each database instance’s PMON process.

Configure Server-side connect-time load balancing feature by setting REMOTE_LISTENERS initialization parameter of each instance to a TNS name that describes list of all available listeners.

TESTRAC_LISTENERS =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC1)(PORT = 1521)))
(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC2)(PORT = 1521))))
)

Set *.remote_listener= TESTRAC_LISTENERS’ initialization parameter in the database’s shared SPFILE and add TESTRAC_LISTENERS’ entry to the TNSNAMES.ORA file in the Oracle Home of each node in the cluster.

Once you configure Server-side connect-time load balancing, each database’s PMON process will automatically register the database with the database’s local listener as well as cross-register the database with the listeners on all other nodes in the cluster. Now the nodes themselves decide which node is least busy, and then will connect the client to that node.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FAILOVER in RAC:-
The Oracle RAC system can protect against failures caused by O/S or server crashes or hardware failures. When a node failure occurs in RAC system, the connection attempts can fail over to other surviving nodes in the cluster this feature called as Failover.

There are two methods of failover
1. Connection Failover
2. Transparent Application Failover (TAF)

1. Connection Failover
If a connection failure occurs at connect time, the application failover the connection to another active node in the cluster. This feature enables client to connect to another listener if the initial connection to the first listener fails.

Enable client-side connect-time Failover by setting FAILOVER=ON in the corresponding client side TNS entry.

TESTRAC =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(LOAD_BALANCE = ON)
(FAILOVER = ON)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC1-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC2-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = testdb.selectstarfrom.com))
)

If LOAD_BALANCE is set to on then clients randomly attempt connections to any nodes. If client made connection attempt to a down node, the client needs to wait until it receives the information that the node is not accessible before trying alternate address in ADDRESS_LIST.

2. Transparent Application Failover (TAF)
If connection failure occurs after a connection is established, the connection fails over to other surviving nodes. Any uncommitted transactions are rolled back and server side program variables and session properties will be lost. In some case the select statements automatically re-executed on the new connection with the cursor positioned on the row on which it was positioned prior to the failover.

TESTRAC =
(DESCRIPTION =
(LOAD_BALANCE = ON)
(FAILOVER = ON)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC1-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = TESTRAC1-VIP)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = testdb.selectstarfrom.com)
(FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT)(METHOD = BASIC)(RETRIES = 180)(DELAY = 5))
)
)

Oracle APPS DBA Interview Questions and Answers - Beginners 11i

Oracle APPS DBA Interview Questions and Answers 

5. What are u r regular activities?
Ans: Patching, patch analysis, monitoring, trouble shooting, resolving lock issues, providing trace files,cloning, shutdown/starups,backup etc….

6. What is a patch?
Ans : A patch can be a solution for a bug/it can be a new feature.

7. What are the different types of patches?
Ans : oneoff, mini packs, family packs, maintanance packs, rollup pathches, colsolidated patches.

8. What is a oneoff patch?
Ans : An oneoff patch is a small patch of (20-90K size) without any pre-req’s

9. What is a mini pack ?
Ans : A mini pack is one which will upgrade any product patchset level to next level like AD.H to AD.I

10. What is Family pack ?
Ans : A Family pack is one which will upgade the patchset level of all the products in that family to perticular patchsetlevel.

11. What is Maintanance pack ?
Ans : A maintanance pack will upgrade applications from one version to another like 11.5.8 to 11.5.9

12. What is a Rollup patch?
Ans : A rollup patch is one which will deliver bug fixes identified after the release of any major application versions like 11.5.8/11.5.9

13. What is consilidated patch?
Ans: Consolidated patches will come into pictures after upgrades from one version of applications to anoter, all post upgrade patches will a consolidated and given as consolidated patch.

14. How u will find whether a patch is applied/not?
Ans : Query ad_bugs.

15. What is the other table where u can query what are the patches applied?
Ans : Ad_applied_patches

16. What is the difference between ad_bugs and ad_applied_patches?
Ans: A patch can deliver solution for more than one bug, so ad_applied_patches may not give u the perfect information as in case of ad_bugs.

17. How u apply a patch?
Ans : adpatch

18. What inputs you need to apply a patch other than driver name and etc?
Ans : apps and system passwords

19. What are the table u r adpatch will create and when?
Ans : Adpatch will creat FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES and AD_DEFERRED_JOBS table when it will apply d,g and u drivers

20. What is the significance of FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES and AD_DEFERRED_JOBS table?
Ans: FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES table will store the worker information like what job is assigned to which worker and its status. AD_DEFERRED_JOBS will come into picture when some worker is failed, it will be moved to AD_DEFERRED_JOBS table, from where again adpatch will take that job and try to resign, after doing this 3 times if still that worker is failing, then adpatch will stop patching and throw the error that perticular worker has failed. We need to trouble shoot and restrart the worker.

21. If it is a multinode installation which driver we need to apply on which node?
Ans: c,d,g on concurrent node and c, g on web node. If it is u-driver we need to apply on all nodes.

22.While applying a application patch is that necessary that u r database and listener should be up?
Ans: Yes . why because adpatch will connect to database and update so many tables etc…..

23. While applying a patch if that patch is failing because of a pre-req then how you will apply that pre-req patch and resume with the current patch?
Ans: We need to take the backup of FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES and AD_DEFERRED_JOBS tables and restart directory at APPL_TOP/amdin/SID and then use adctrl to quit all the workers. Then apply the pre-req patch , after that rename u r restart directory to its original name and create FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES and AD_DEFERRED_JOBS tables from the bcakup tables. Start adpatch session and take the options want to continue previous session.

24. What is adctrl?
Ans: Adctrl is one of the adutilities, which is used to check the status of workers and to manage the workers.

25. Can u name some of the menu options in adctrl?
Ans: Check the status of workers, tell manager that worker has quited, restart a failed worker etc….

26. How to skip a worker and why?
Ans: We can skip a worker using option 8 in adctrl which is hidden. We will go for skipping a worker when we have executed the job which the worker is supposed to do.

27. How adpatch knows what are the pre-req’s for the patch which it is applying?
Ans: With every patch a file called b<patch_number>.ldt file will be delivered which contain the pre-req information. adpatch load this into databse using FNDLOAD and check , whether those pre-req patches were applied or not.

28. What is FNDLOAD ?
Ans: FNDLOAD is a utility which is similar to sqlloder but loads code objects into database, where as SQLLOADER loads data objects into database.


29. What c-driver will do?
Ans: C-drive copies the files from patch unzipped directory to required location in u r application file system. Before copying it will check the file version of the existing file at the file system with the file version of the file in the patch. If the patch file version is higher than what it is at file system level then only c-driver will copy that files.

30. How adpatch will know the file versions of the patch delivered files?
Ans: With each patch a file with name f<patch_number>.ldt is delivered , which contain the file versions of the files dilivered with the patch. Adpatch will use this file to compare the file versions of files its delivering with the file on file system.

31. What is the adpatch log file location?
Ans : APPL_TOP/admin/SID/log

32. What is the worker log file name and its location?
Ans : adwork01,adwork02…… and location is APPL_TOP/admin/SID/log

33. How u will know what are the files the patch is going to change just my unzipping the patch?
Ans: When u unzip a patch it will keep all the files related to a particular product under that directory inside u r patch directory for example if the patch delivering files related to FND product then it will create a sub directory under the patch directory with the name FND in which it will put all related files to that product

34. What is the significance of backup directory under u r patch directory?
Ans: When we apply a patch it will keep the copy of the files which its going to change in file system.

35. What are the different modes you can run your adpatch?
Ans :
1.Interactive – default mode
2.Non interactive – Use defaults files to store prompt values (adpatch defaultsfile=<filename> interactive=no)
3.Test – Without actually applying a patch just to check what its doing.(adpatch apply=no)
4.Pre-install – (adpatch preinstall=y) This mode will be usefull to discrease upgrade downtime as its applies bus fixes without running SQL,EXEC and generate portion of patch.

36. How u will monitor u r applications as well as database?
Ans: We have our custom scripts which is sheduled to run at a specific time which will monitor whether applications and databases are up/not. And it will mail us if some processes is not running. And we have one script which will check database alert log for ORA errors and mails it to us . Based on this we will react.

37. What are the latest ORA errors u have encountered?
Ans : Useually we will get the ORA errors like unable to extend the tablespace by so and so size. And we will check those tablespaces for space, if space is not there we will resize the datafile and add one more datafile.

38. Which table u will query to check the tablespace space issues?
Ans : bytes column in dba_free_spaces and dba_data_files

39. Which table u will query to check the temp tablespace space issues?
Ans : dba_temp_files

40. What is temp tablespace? And what is the size of temp tablespace in u r instances?
Ans : Temp tablespace is used by so many application programs for sorting and other stuff. Its size is between 3 to 10 GB.

41. What is autoconfig?
Ans : Autoconfig is an adutility which is used to main application environment and configuration files.

42. What are the parameter autoconfig will ask for?
Ans : Context file name and apps password

43. What is context file?
Ans : Context file is a central repositary, which stores all application configuration information. The name is like <Instance name>_ <Server name>.xml

44. How you will find autoconfig is enabled/not for u r applications?
Ans:
1. Open any env / configuration files, the first few lines will tell u that this files are maintained by autoconfig.
2. If contextname.xml file is there in APPL_TOP/admin

45. How autoconfig will create env and configuration files?
Ans: Autoconfig will go to each and every top template directory take the templates from there and fill the values from xml file and create the required files.

46. In how many phases autoconfig will run?
Ans : Autoconfig will run in 3 phases.
1.INIT – Instantiate the drivers and templates
2.SETUP – Fill the templated with values from xml and create files
3.PROFILE – Update the profile values in database.

47. What is the location of adconfig log file?
Ans : APPL_TOP/admin/<context_name>/log/<timestamp directory>

48. Is it possiable to restore a autoconfig run?
Ans : Partially. Adconfig will create a restore.sh script at $APPL_TOP/admin/<context_name>/out/<timestamp directory>. This restore.sh will copy the backed up files before autoconfig run to its original locations. But the profile values updated in the database can’t be restored back.

49. How to run autoconfig in test mode?
Ans : adchkcfg.sh script at AD_TOP/bin. This script will run autoconfig in test mode and create the difference file which tells us what is going to change , when u actually run autoconfig.

50. How to find autoconfig is enabled or not for database?
Ans: If we have appsutil directory under RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME

51. When a patch delivers java files what extra file u will get when u unzip the patch, other then u r dirver and readme files?
Ans : j<patch_number>.zip

52. What is apps.zip/appsbrog2.zip file?
Ans : apps.zip/appsbrog2.zip is the patchable archive of all java class files required for oracle application.
      Apps.zip was used to old application version, but from 11.5.8 onwards its appsbrog2.zip

53. What is the location of apps.zip/appsbrog2.zip?
Ans : AU_TOP/java and JAVA_TOP

54. What is for “validating apps schema” option in adadmin?
Ans: It will check for the corrupted objects in apps schema

55. What is “compile apps schema” option in adadmin?
Ans : It will compile the invalid database objects.

56. How to find invalid objects in database?
Ans : select count(*) from dba_objects where status=’INVALID’;

57. How to find MRC is enabled or not?
Ans: In adadmin if covert to MRC options is there , then MRC is not enabled.
     If maintain MRC options is there , then MRC is enabled.

58. How to find Multi-Org is enabled or not?
Ans : In adadmin if covert to Multi org option is there, then Multi-org is not enabled. If maintain multi-org options is there, then Multi-org is enabled.

59. What is mean by MRC?
Ans: MRC stands for Multiple reporting Currency, this should be enabled to see the reports in different currencies like (rupees,yaans etc).

60. What is Multi-Org?
Ans: If this is enabled we can store multiple organization information in a single oracle application instance.

61. What is the configuration file for adutilities (like adadmin,adconfig etc)?
Ans: adconfig.txt @APPL_TOP/admin

62. What is adrelink?
Ans : adrelink will relink the executables with the libraries. Generally we will go for adrelink when some patch delivers some library files, or when executables were corrupted.

63. How to find the version of a file?
Ans :
1. adident Header <filename>
2. strings -a filename | grep Header

64. What is adodfcmp utility?
Ans : This utility is used to recreate/repair corrupted database objects from odf(object defination files) files.

65. How you will change apps password?
Ans: FNDCPASS 0 y apps/<pwd> system/<pwd> SYSTEM APPLSYS <new pwd>

66. What if apps password is changed with alter command?
Ans : Applications won’t work.

66. What is the difference between alter and FNDCPASS in changing apps password?
Ans : FNDCPASS will update some fnd tables other than standard tables.

67. Where the FNDCPASS utility is located?
Ans : Concurrent node @FND_TOP/bin

68. How to find out what component of u r oracle applications were installed on which node?
Ans : Xml file (context file)

69. How to find the version of httpd/Apache web server?
Ans : $IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/bin/httpd –version

70. What is the configuration file for httpd and what is the location of it ?
Ans : httpd.conf @IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/conf

71. Where you will see when you have some problem with u r webserver(httpd/Apache)?
Ans : access_log & error_log @IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/logs

72. When Apache starts what other components its start ?
Ans : PL/SQL Listener, Servlet Engine, OJSP Engine

73. What is jserv?
Ans : jserv is nothing but servlet engine which will run u r servlets. It’s a module of apache which supports servlets.

74. What is self service application?
Ans : Whatever part of u r oracle application u r able to see through web browser is self service.

75. Where u will see when u r not able to get self service applications?
Ans : access_log,error_log, error_pls, jserv.log, wdbsvr.app(for apps password)

76. What is the location of jserv.log?
Ans : IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Jserv/log

77. What is the location of wdbsvr.app ?
Ans : IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/cfg

78. What are jserv.conf and jserv.properties files?
Ans : These are the configuration files which were used to start jvm’s(servlet engine) by apache.

79. What is mean by clearing cache and bouncing apache?
Ans :
1. Stop apache (adapcctl.sh stop apps)
2. Clear cache – Go to $COMMON_TOP/html/_pages and delete _oa_html directory (rm –r _oa__html)
3. Start apache (adapcctl.sh start apps)

80. What is forms configuration file and its location?
Ans : appsweb_contextname.cfg @$COMMON_TOP/html/bin

81. What are the different modes u can start u r form server?
Ans : socket and servlet

82. What is the difference beween socket and servlet mode?
Ans : In socket mode forms sessions are represented by f60webmx
      In servlet mode forms sessions are represented by apache processes.

83. What is forms metric server and client?
Ans : When there are more than one form sever instances then forms metric server and clinet will be used to load balance.

84. Where the forms server related errors will be logged?
Ans : access_log and error_log

85. What is report server configuration and log file name and its location?
Ans : Configuration file – REP_<SID>.ora
      Log file – REP_<SID>.log @806_ORACLE_HOME/reports60/server

86. What is CGIcmd.dat file and its location?
Ans : CGIcmd.dat file is the run time parameter file the report server located @ 806_ORACLE_HOME/reports60/server

87. What is the significance of DISPLAY variable?
Ans : Vnc server should be up and running at the specified port value in DISPLAY variable, otherwise reportserver may not able to show the graphics in
      Reports.

88. Where is the concurrent manager log file located?
Ans : $COMMON_TOP/admin/<SID>/log or $APPLCSF/$APPLLOG

89. Is apps password necessary to start all the components of oracle application?
Ans : No. Only to start/stop concurrent managers apps password is needed.

90. What is a concurrent manager?
Ans : A concurrent manager is one which runs concurrent requests.

91. What are the different types of concurrent managers?
Ans :
1. Internal concurrent manager – Will start all other managers and monitor
2. Standard Manager – All concurrent request by default will to go this
3. Conflict resolution manager – Concurrent programs with incompatabilites will be handled by this
4. Transaction manager – Handle all transaction requests

92. What are actual and target count in ‘Adminster Concurrent Managers form’?
Ans : Target is the no. of concurrent processes a manager is supposed to start(specified in the defination of concurrent manager).
      Actual is the no. of processes a manager started actually.
      Target and Actual should be always same.

93. What if Target and Actual are not same?
Ans : It means at operating system level resources are low to accomidate the required processes for concurrent managers.

94. What are work shifts?
Ans : Work shifts are nothing but timings at which the concurrent manager is supposed to run.

95. What if internal concurrent manager target and actual are not same?
Ans : we need to bounce the concurrent manager using adcmctl.sh

96. How to bounce a single concurrent manager?
Ans : From frontend using ‘Administer Concurrent Manager form’.

97. When we change apps password , is it necessary to bounce application?
Ans : Only we need to bounce concurrent managers.

98. What is dbc file and its location?
Ans : dbc file contain database connection information. DBC file is used by oracle applications to connect to database. Its location is $FND_TOP/secure

99. What is the other script by which u can start apache other than adapcctl.sh?
Ans : apachectl @IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/bin

100. What is the configuration file for PL/SQL listener?
Ans : httpd_pls.conf @IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/conf

101. How to skip copy portion while applying a patch?
Ans : Adpatch options=nocopyportion

102. How to merge patches and what type of patches can be merged?
Ans : admrgpch. We can merge any kind of application patches, if any of the patch contain a u-driver then merged patch will contain u_merged.drv otherwise c_merged.drv, d_merged.drv and g_merged.drv

103. What is the Tiered architecture of u r instance?
Ans : Two Tier: Web and Forms on one node and Conc, admin and report on other node.

104. How to find formserver version?
Ans: f60gen and press enter, it will tell u the formserver version or we can find out from the frondend using help menu.

105. What is RRA?
Ans : RRA stands for Report Review Agent. RRA is nothing but FNDFS which is part of apps listener. RRA job is to pick the log/out file from the file system and show on the editor when u press view log/out button in ‘View concurrent request form’.

106. What is apps listener?
Ans : Apps lintener is the combination of FNDFS and FNDSM. FNDSM is service manager which will monitor application services on that node when GSM:enable profile value is ‘Y’.

107. What is GSM?
Ans : GSM stands for Generic service Manager, which will monitor application processes like web, forms etc and restarts any of this processes if goes down.

108. How to find the application version like 11.5.8/11.5.9….?
Ans : select release_name from fnd_product_groups;

109. How to find the database/sqlplus version?
Ans : select banner from v$version;

110. How to find out what are the languages enabled in u r applications?
Ans : Query fnd_languages

111. What is the size of u r database?
Ans : 200 to 500 GB

112. How to find operating system version?
Ans : uname –a

113. What are the problems u have faced while shutting down applications?
Ans : While shutting down application generally concurrent manager won’t go down because some or the other request may be running. We will see what are the concurrent requests running by querying fnd_concurrent_requests, fnd_concurrent_program_vl, v$session,v$process and v$sqltext. If that request is only doing some select statement then we will kill those requests, otherwise we will check what time it will take to complete by querying the previous runs of that request and then we will decide what to do.

114. What are the problems u have faced while starting up applications?
Ans : Most of the time we will encounter problem with starting up concurrent managers. Reasons , database listener may be down or FNDSM entries are wrong in tnsnames.ora of 806_ORACLE_HOME.

115. How to find the locks and what is the resolution?
Ans : we can find general locks with the following query:
      select * from sys.dba_dml_locks order by session_id.

      We can find the dead locks with the following query:
      select * from v$lock where lmode > 0 and id1 in (select distinct id1 from v$lock where request > 0)
      If it’s a dead lock, we need to kill that session.

116. How to kill a database session?
Ans : alter system kill session '&sid,&sno';

117. How to find adconfig is enabled for oracle operating system user/database?
Ans : If appsutil directory is there in RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME

118. Which files tell u the database helath?
Ans : alert log file @RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/admin/<Contextname>/bdump

119. How to apply a rdbms patch?
Ans : Using opatch

120. How to find opatch is enabled or not for u r database?
Ans : If Opatch directory exists under RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME.

121. What is the pre-req for applying a rdbms patch?
Ans : Inventory should be set in file oraInst.loc @/var/opt/oracle or /etc

122. What is Inventroy?
Ans: The oraInventory is the location for the OUI (Oracle Universal Installer)'s bookkeeping. The inventory stores information about:
     1. All Oracle software products installed in all ORACLE_HOMES on a machine
     2. Other non-Oracle products, such as the Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
     In a 11i Application system the RDBMS and iAS ORACLE_HOMEs are registered in the oraInventory. The 806 ORACLE_HOME, which is not managed through OUI, is not.

123. What are different types of inventories?
Ans: The Global inventory (or Central inventory)
     The Local inventory (or Home inventory)

124. What is Global inventory?
Ans : The Global Inventory is the part of the XML inventory that contains the high level list of all oracle products installed on a machine. There should therefore be only one per machine. Its location is defined by the content of oraInst.loc. The Global Inventory records the physical location of Oracle products installed on the machine, such as ORACLE_HOMES (RDBMS and IAS) or JRE. It does not have any information about the detail of patches applied to each ORACLE_HOMEs. The Global Inventory gets updated every time you install or de-install an ORACLE_HOME on the machine, be it through OUI Installer, Rapid Install, or Rapid Clone. Note: If you need to delete an ORACLE_HOME, you should always do it through the OUI de-installer in order to keep the Global Inventory synchronized.

125. What is local inventory?
Ans : There is one Local Inventory per ORACLE_HOME. It is physically located inside the ORACLE_HOME at $ORACLE_HOME/inventory and contains the detail of the patch level for that ORACLE_HOME. The Local Inventory gets updated whenever a patch is applied to the ORACLE_HOME, using OUI.

126. What is rapid clone?
Ans : Rapid Clone is the new cloning utility introduced in Release 11.5.8. Rapid Clone leverages the new installation and configuration technology utilized by Rapid Install

127. How do I determine if my system is rapid clone enabled?
Ans : First, verify that your system is AutoConfig enabled. Then, verify that you have applied the latest Rapid Clone patch.

128. Explain the cloning process?
Ans :
1. Run adpreclone as applmgr and oracle user on source
   Perl adpreclone.pl dbTier as oracle user
   Perl adpreclone.pl appsTier as applmgr user
2. Take the cold/hotbackup of source database
3. Copy the five directories <prod>appl,<prod>comn,<prod>ora , <prod>db,<prod>data to target
4. Rename the directories, and change the permisssion
5. Set the inventory in oraInst.loc
6. Run perl adcfgclone.pl dbTier as oracle user,if the backup type is cold
7. If the backup type is hotbackup then
   Perl adcfgclone.pl dbTechStack.
   Create the control file on target from the control script trace file from source
   Recover the database
   Alter database open resetlogs
8. Run autoconfig with the ports changed as per requirement in xml.
9. Run perl adcfgclone.pl appsTier as applmgr
10.Run autoconfig with the ports changed as per requirement in xml.

129. What is the location of adpreclone.pl for oracle user?
Ans : RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/appsutil/scripts/<contextname>

130. What is the location of adpreclone.pl for applmgr user?
Ans : $COMMON_TOP/admin/scripts/<contextname>

131. What is the location of adcfgclone.pl for oracle user?
Ans : $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/appsutil/clone/bin

132. What is the location of adcfgclone.pl for applmgr user?
Ans : $COMMON_TOP/clone/bin

133. What is statspack?
Ans : Statspack is a database utility to gather database and session level performance information.

134. How to install statspack?
Ans : Run the script spcreate.sql @RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
Note more details on statspack refer metalink noteid: 149113.1

135. How to enable trace at database level?
Ans : set init.ora parameter sql_trace

136. How to enable trace for a session?
Ans: Alter system set sql_trace=true;
     Execute the sql query
     Alter system set sql_trace=false;
     This will create a trace file at $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/admin/contextname/udump with the spid of the current sql session.

137. How to enable trace for other session?
Ans : exec sys.dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(sid,serial#,true/false)
     
      Eg:
      To enable trace for sql session with sid 8
      SQL> exec sys.dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(8,121,true);
      PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
     
      To disable trace
      SQL> exec sys.dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(8,121,false);

138.What is the location of inint.ora ?
Ans : $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/dbs

139. What is that trace files contains and the utiliy used to read them?
Ans : Trace file contains the detail diagnostics of a sql statement like explain plan, physical reads, logical reads, buffer gets etc. Tkprof utility is used to convert trace file into readable format.

140. What is the syntax for tkprof?
Ans: tkprof <trace filename> <output filename> explain=apps/<pwd> sys=no

141.How do we find adpreclone is run in source or not ?
Ans : If clone directory exists under RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/appsutil for oracle user and $COMMON_TOP for applmgr user.

142. How to find that the database is 64-bit/32-bit?
Ans : $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/bin/file oracle
      Ex: /oraDB/angdb/920/bin> file oracle
      oracle: setuid setgid ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped

143. How to find trace file for a given concurrent request id?
Ans : Go to $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/admin/<context_name>/udump
      Grep “<request id> “ *

144. What is a database link? How to create it?
Ans : If we want to access objects of another database from this database then we need a database link from this database to the other.
      1.Login as oracle user
      2.sqlplus “/as sysdba”
      3.create database link <dblink name> connect to <destination user> identified by <d;estination user pwd> using '<destination database name>';
      Ex:
      SQL> create database link TEST1_TO_TEST2 connect to apps identified by apps using 'TEST2';
      Database link created.
      SQL> select name from v$database@ TEST1_TO_TEST2;
      NAME
      ---------
      TEST2
      SQL>select db_link from dba_db_links;
      4.Add destination database tns entry in tnsnames.ora

145. How many clonings u have done?
Ans : If u r very much confident on cloning processes then say 5 to 8 otherwise just 2 or 3.

146. What u know abt RMAN?
Ans : If u r good at RMAN then say yes, otherwise say we are not using RMAN for backup/recovery , why because we are using netapp snap technology for backups.

147. What is netapp?
Ans : Netapp is a storage technology.

148. Have u done any performance tunning?
Ans : Better say No. If u r very good in performance tunning then say ‘yes’.

149. What is formserver url?
Ans :http://hostname.domain:<port>/dev60cgi/f60cgi

150. What is jinitiator?
Ans : Oracle jinitiator is the one which provide the required jvm to run forms interface/applet. When we access forms applet first time , oracle jinitiator will be installed automatically.

151. What is discoverer server?
Ans : Discoverer server is reporting tools which allows novoice user to use oracle application reports. Discoverer will come along with oracle applications when installed.

152. What is discoverer viewer url?
Ans: http://hostname.domain:<port>/discoverer4i/viewer

153. What is discoverer plus url?
Ans : http://hostname.domain:<port>/discwb4/html/english/welcome.htm

154. What is aoljtest and its url?
Ans : Aoljtest is a web based utility to test the availability of the different components of oracle applications like jserv,modplsql,jsp,forms etc
URL: http://hostname.domain:<port>/OA_HTML/jsp/fnd/aoljtest.jsp

155. What is adsplicer?
Ans : Adsplicer is a uitility used to register off cycle products.

156. What is licence manager?
Ans : Licence manager(adlicmgr) utility is used to licence/unlicence , enable new languages,enbale country specific functionality.

157. What is tnsping?
Ans : tnsping is command used to check the connectivity to the database server node from other nodes.
      Ex: tnsping <dbsid>
      Note: Tns entry should be there in tnsnames.ora for the database we are trying to work this command.

158. What is top command?
Ans : top is a operating system command, it will display top 10 processes which are taking high cpu and memory.

159. How to compile a form using f60gen?
Ans : f60gen module=/TEST/testappl/au/11.5.0/forms/F/ARXTWMAI.fmb userid=APPS/APPS output_file=/TEST/testappl/ar/11.5.0/forms/F/ARXTWMAI.fmx module_type=form batch=yes compile_all=special

160. What is APPLPTMP environment variable?
Ans : This is the temporary file location for the pl/sql temp files. If this variable was not set then the concurrent programs may errored out.

161. What is mean by enabling maintanance mode?
Ans : Maintanance mode is the adadmin option introduced from AD.I. When maintanance mode is enabled user may able to login to application but they only get profile option in the frontend navigation menu.

162. Is that necessary to enable maintanance mode while applying a patch?
Ans : We can even apply a patch without enabling maintanance mode with the following option
      Adpatch options=hotpatch

163. How to find out oracle application framework version?
Ans : 1. Through aoljtest
      2. cd $COMMON_TOP/html/
      3. adident Header OA.jsp

164. How to find out what are the rdbms patches applied to an oracle home?
Ans : 1. opatch –lsinventory
      2. $RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/.patch_storage directory contains the directories with the rdbms patch number, which are applied to this oracle home.

165. Is that necessary to shutdown database while applying a database patch?
Ans : Yes.

166. What is the command line utility to submit a concurrent request?
Ans : CONSUB

167. What is the significance of utl_file_dir parameter in init.ora file?
Ans : The value of this parameter is the group of directories to which u r database can write, means u r database packages have permission to write to flat files in these directories.

168. How you will find out discoverer version?
Ans : cd $806_ORACLE_HOME/discwb4/lib
      strings libd* | grep 'Version:'

169. While applying a rdbms patch using opatch you are getting the error, unable to read inventory/inventory is corrupted/ORACLE_HOME is not not registered, what you will do, and how you will apply the patch?
Ans: We will check the inventory directory permission, try to apply the patch after giving 777 permissions to that inventory directory. If still it won’t work we will apply patch with the following command:
     Opatch apply –no_inventory

170. Have you opened any TAR and for what?
Ans : Yes. If we have any issues on production then we will raise seviarity 1 tar otherwise seriarity 2/normal.

171. For what you have raised the TAR?
Ans : We got ORA-7445 error (memory leak) in alert log, for which we have raised a Seviarity 1 TAR.

172. Have you applied rdbms patches and for what?
Ans : We got ORA-7445 error in alert log, for which oracle recommended to apply a rdbms patch.

173. What are the patch errors , you have encountered?
Ans :
1)Patch fails with the error, unable to generate perticular form, do u want to continue. We continue patching by saying “yes”, then we manually regenarate the form using f60gen utility.
2) Unable to generate jar files under JAVA_TOP
AutoPatch error:
Failed to generate the product JAR files
Solution:
Run adjkey -initialize -----------to creat identitydb.obj file which will be
used by adjava to sign jar files.

174. What is adjkey? What files it will create?
Ans : adjkey is an adutility which will create digital signature, which will be used to sign all the jar files when we generate jar files using adadmin. The purpose of this is, when you access forms interface every time, the signature of the jar files which is going to download is compared with the existing cached jar files signature in client machine. If signature won’t match, it will download that jar files again.
It will create the following files:
adsign.txt@APPL_TOP/admin
appltop.cer@APPL_TOP/admin
identitydb.obj@applmgr home

175. Have done any OWC with oracle?
Ans : No.

176. What are the post installation task?
Ans : Running adjkey –initialize and then runnning adadmin to regerate jar files.

177. What are the clone errors, you have encountered?
Ans :
Error:
RC-50013: Fatal: Failed to instantiate driver /u01/fms2c/appfms2c/fms2cora/iAS/appsutil/driver/instconf.drv
Cause:
The source instance has files that adpreclone flags as 'autoconfigable' but in reality they are not. So adpreclone.pl adds these files into the instconf.drv. Then when adcfgclone.pl is run on target it looks for the template file to instantiate for these files and since there isn't a template file adcfgclone.pl fails.
Solution:
Modify the target's instconf.drv and remove the offending lines. Then rerun adcfgclone.pl

178. What are the real time problems you have encountered and how you trouble shooted that?
Ans:
1. Concurrent Program is erroing out with snapshot too old error. To resolve this we have added space to temp tablespace.
2. Concurrent Program is erroing out with unable to extent a perticular tablespace by so and so extents. To resolve this we have added on more data file to that tablespace.
3. When we are trying to start apache with adapcctl.sh script after a autoconfig run, its saying that “node id is not matching with the application server id”. To resolve this we have updated the server id column in fnd_nodes table with the server id value in dbc file.

179. How you will find workflow version?
Ans : Run wfver.sql@FND_TOP/sql script as apps user

180 . When forms are running in servlet mode then the environment variables required for forms must be defined in what file and its location?
Ans : formsservlet.ini@$APACHE_TOP/Jserv/etc.

181. How to find out which patch driver is applied(like c,d,g or u)?
Ans: query ad_patch_drivers.

182. How to find out whether a language patch is applied for a perticular patch?
Ans : Query ad_patch_driver_langs.

183. How to validate that sysadmin password is correct or not from backend?
Ans: select fnd_web_sec.validate_login('SYSADMIN','Qwert8765') from dual;

184. How to compile jsp's(other than from adadmin)?
Ans: Force compilation of all jsps using the following command
     ojspCompile.pl --compile --flush

185. How to rotate logs for apache logs?
Ans: Using rotatelogs executable in httpd.conf file. Use Errorlog for error_log file rotation. Transferlog for other log files.

186. Other way of checking whether MRC is enabled or not besides using adadmin?

Ans : select multi_currency_flag from fnd_product_groups;

187. How to compile rdf?
Ans: Either using adadmin or rwcon60

188. How you will see hidden files in linux/solaris?
Ans : ls –la

189. How to change file/directory owner in linux/solaris?
Ans : chown –R <username>:<group> <file/directory>
      Ex:
      chown –R applmgr:dba testappl

190. How to change the permission of file/directory in linux/solaris?
Ans : chmod –R <permissions> <file/directory>
      Ex:
      chmod –R 755 testappl

191. What are the files which contain apps password?
Ans :
1. wdbsrv.app@IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/cfg
2. CGIcmd.dat@806_ORACLE_HOME/reports60/server
3. wfmail.cfg@FND_TOP/resource - optional
4. CatalogLoader.conf@OA_JAVA - optional
5. CatalogLoader.xml@OA_HTML - optional

192. What is the script to find out ICM status?
Ans : afimchk.sql@FND_TOP/sql

193. What is the script to list the concurrent request status?
Ans: afrqrun.sql@FND_TOP/sql

194. What is the script that Lists managers that currently are running a request?
Ans : afcmrrq.sql@FND_TOP/sql

195) How can I determine whether a template is customizable or non-customizable?
Answer: If a keyword "LOCK" is present at the end of the file entry in the respective driver, then it is a non-customizable template. If the "LOCK" keyword is not seen, then that template can be customized.